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Columbia (BioShock)
Columbia is a fictional city in the ''BioShock'' series published by 2K Games. It is a floating city that is the main setting for the game ''BioShock Infinite''. The game's back-story describes that, unlike the secret development of the underwater city of Rapture, Columbia was proudly boasted by the American government when launched in 1893, centralized on the idea of American exceptionalism; the game alludes to the 1893 Worlds Fair which is historically considered to be the emergence of American exceptionalism.
Prior to the events of the game, the well-armed city became involved in an "international incident", and the location of the city was soon lost from everyone else. Like Rapture, Columbia is considered a failed utopia, with signs present suggesting a theocratic government taking control at some point, and similar racial-purification concepts such as nazism.〔 Columbia has been compared to a cross between steampunk and the ''Star Wars'' Bespin cloud city,〔 as well as the airships of ''Final Fantasy'' settings though Irrational's Ken Levine has compared the weaponized city to the Death Star.
== Concept and creation ==
For the first six months of development, the team prototyped several possible ideas to brainstorm on what concepts would be effective for the next game. The team had originally considered reusing Rapture from the first two ''BioShock'' games, aware that Rapture would be synonymous with the ''BioShock'' name, and that players had reacted positively to exploring the underwater city, learning of its history, and having "the sense of the world, and being in that place". As they worked to determine the story and types of quests the player would undertake, they found themselves bored and struggling to come up with new ideas and feared that players would react the same. This prompted the team to consider an alternate setting despite this being a "terrifying" prospect in terms of project scope.〔 Irrational had also considered placing events during the Renaissance, but upon the announcement of ''Assassin's Creed II'' in 2009 which took place during the same historical period, they dropped this idea. The idea of the air-city came early in the development. The open-air environment gave them an opportunity to use color schemes that sharply contrasted with the darker palettes that were a staple of their earlier games. Even then, their initial designs of the flying city were darker and closer to Art Nouveau, making the game world too claustrophobic and appearing similar to the city of Rapture. The period of American exceptionalism allowed them to create a brighter, expansive system. According to Irrational's Ken Levine, the name "Columbia", in reference to the female figure that personifies the United States, and the idea of American exceptionalism did not come about until six to eight months before the game's reveal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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